Measles is considered one of the most contagious viral diseases and as a highly infectious, acute disease accompanied by fever, catarrhal respiratory symptoms, skin changes (maculopapular rash), and enanthema Koplik's spots which are localized on the buccal mucosa. The cause of measles is the virus morbilli, which belongs to the group of paramyxoviruses. The measles virus is transmitted by droplets and incubation lasts from 10 to 12 days. The diagnosis of measles is made using the clinical picture of a typical form of the disease and by monitoring the course of the disease. Treatment of measles includes the so-called symptomatic treatment because there is no specific antibiotic against measles. Complications of measles can be respiratory, bacterial inflammations and neurological complications. Measles can be prevented by active and passive immunization. Active immunization involves vaccination against measles, and passive immunization involves the use of gamma-globulin in unvaccinated people who have been in contact with an infected person. Mandatory vaccination against measles was introduced in 1968 in Croatia. Active use of the vaccine has reduced the number of reported cases of measles and deaths globally. Although measles is mainly a childhood contagious disease, there is an increasing number of cases of adult infection in Croatia who have either not been vaccinated or have already weakened their already acquired immunity (by vaccination). In conclusion, the last decade has been marked by the anti-vaccination movement, i.e. opponents of vaccination, and an increasing number of parents who deny the effectiveness of the vaccine and thus endanger the lives of their children. The safety and effectiveness of the vaccine has been determined by numerous studies, but also by results, reducing the number of infected persons and mortality. The eradication of contagious measles disease requires the cooperation of all members of the community and the openness and mutual exchange of information between health professionals and patients.