Title Prva pomoć prilikom ozljeda djece predškolske dobi Title (english) First aid at preschooler injuries and accidents Author Matea Stanković Mentor Zvonimir Užarević (mentor)Granter Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Defense date and country 2017-06-28, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Djeca su živahna i zahtijevaju najveću moguću pažnju odraslih pogotovo u razvojnoj dobi. Odgovorne osobe su roditelji, bake i djedovi te odgojiteljice do polaska u školu. Kako bi djeca bila sigurna, važno je da osobe u njihovom okruženju poznaju osnove prve pomoći. Najčešće ozljede su slomljene kosti, padovi, ozljede glave, utapanja, opekline, posjekotine, otekline i modrice, strani predmeti u oku, gušenje, ozljede zuba te ubodi kukaca. Navedene ozljede nije moguće uvijek spriječiti te je iz
... More tog razloga važno poznavati prvu pomoć i reagirati pravovremeno. Slomljene kosti, padovi i ozljede glave se uglavnom događaju na dvorištima vrtića ili kod kuće, no mogu se dogoditi i unutra stoga je važno zaštiti sve oštre površine u djetetovom okruženju. Utapanje nije česta pojava u vrtiću ukoliko se ne ide na bazene, no kod kuće se itekako može dogoditi ako se djeca ostave sama u kadi ili manjem bazenu. Što se tiče opekotina, za veći dio njih je kriva nepažnja odraslih, jer se dijete može opeći ako netko ostavi vruću tekućinu na stolu ili ako nije upoznat s postavljanjem lonaca i tava na peći koje dijete vrlo lako može dosegnuti. Posjekline kao i otekline i modrice se događaju čim dijete padne i ogrebe se ili poreže na kamenčić koji mu se našao na putu, no ukoliko posjeklina nije duboka nema razloga za zabrinutost i može se riješiti blagim ispiranjem i stavljanjem flastera, dok je na oteklinu i modricu dovoljno staviti hladan oblog da se smanji i ublaži bol. Kako djeca trče, a zrakom leti prašina i ostale nečistoće, tako im može nešto upasti u oko. Ako se na vrijeme reagira i izvadi taj strani predmet nema razloga za zabrinutost, no ako se ne izvadi ili je preduboko potrebno je potražiti liječničku pomoć. Kod djece mlađe dobi koja svijet istražuju ustima, jedna od opasnijih ozljeda je gušenje manjim predmetima ili hranom, a kada se to dogodi potrebno je smireno, na vrijeme i pravilno reagirati. Obično djeca ne slušaju odgojitelje kada im govore da ne smiju trčati po sobi, a to se govori s razlogom, soba je puna stolova i ormara gdje se dijete može udariti i ozlijediti bilo koji dio tijela, a tako najviše stradaju zubi. Kada se to dogodi zub se treba spremiti u mlijeko te odnijeti zubaru da ga on pokuša vratiti djetetu u desni. U što boljem istraživanju svijeta djeci pomaže boravak na zraku, a tada ih mogu ubosti kukci. Zbog moguće alergijske reakcije potrebno je zbrinuti dijete i mjesto ugriza namazati kremom ili staviti hladan oblog. Nikada se ne smije zaboraviti dijete u sebi i novim generacijama se treba omogućiti istraživanje svijeta a ako se prilikom toga dogodi neka ozljeda potrebno je reagirati smireno kako ne bi uplašili povrijeđeno dijete i ostalu djecu oko njega. Less Abstract (english) Children are lively and require the greatest attention of adults, especially in the developmental age. The responsible persons are the parents, grandparents and preschool teachers of the nursery. For the children safety, it’s important that people in their environment know the basics of first aid. The most common injuries are broken bones, falls, head injuries, drowning, burns, cuts, swelling and bruises, foreign objects in the eye, choking, tooth injuries and insect bites. These injuries
... More can’t always be prevented so it’s important to know first aid and respond timely. Broken bones, falls and head injuries are mostly occurring in nursery or at home, but they may also happen inside, so it is important to protect all the sharp surfaces in your child's environment. Drowning isn’t a most common in nursery if the children don’t go to the swimming pools, but it may happen at home if the children are left alone in the tub or in the smaller pool. As for burns, inattention of adults is most common reason for them to happen, because a child can burn himself if someone leaves a hot liquid on the table or isn’t familiar with setting pots on stove so that the baby can easily reach. Cuts as well as swelling and bruising occur as soon as a child falls and scratches or tilts to the stone which he has found on the road, but if the incision isn’t deep there is no cause for concern and it can be solved by mild wash and putting the patch, while on the swelling and bruising is enough to put a cold compress to reduce and relieve pain. How children run, they can catch something in the eye because dust and other impurities fly by air. If reaction is timely, there’s no cause for concern, but if the object is too deep it is necessary to seek for medical attention. In younger children who world exploring with their mouth, choking with smaller objects or food is one of the more serious injuries, and when comes to that, person need to be calm, timely and properly react. Usually the children don’t listen to their preschool teachers when they tell them not to run around the room, and that is said for a reason, the room is full of tables and closets where the child can hit and hurt any part of the body, and so the most affected are teeth. When that happens the tooth should be stored in the milk and taken to the dentist who would try to bring him back in gums. Stay in the air is the best exploration for children, then the insects can bite them. Because of the possible allergic reaction, the child should be taken care of, and the place of bite should be applied with a unguent or a cold compress. The child in ourselves should never be forgotten and new generations should be allowed to explore the world and if an injury occurs, it is necessary to react calmly so that the injured child and other children around him aren’t frighten. Less Keywords
ozljede
djeca
prva pomoć
Keywords (english)
injuries
children
first aid
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:141:073484 Study programme Title: Undergraduate pre-school education Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2018-04-04 11:04:59
