The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of the processes involved in the development of children's musical abilities. In addition, the aim of the work is to determine how children's musical development occurs from birth to the beginning of primary school. The research methodology involves the study of both scientific and professional literature. This study seeks to answer the following research questions: what are the factors influencing children's musical development, what are the stages of musical development and their characteristics, and how can educators influence children's musical development within the educational context of a kindergarten. It has been established that the key factors in musical development are heredity, a stimulating environment, and the child's musical activity. The first stage of musical development is the listening phase, characterized by reactions to sound and sound localization. The second stage is marked by motor responses to music, including the onset of active musical imitation and vocalization in response to musical stimuli. The phase of initial musical reaction also includes "musical babbling," which involves attempts to reproduce musical content. The stage of genuine musical response is characterized by spontaneous singing and an increased interest in music. The imaginative song phase involves singing various melodies, often invented or composed of segments from known songs. Before entering primary school, children enter the rhythm development phase, marked by a significant advancement in the sense of rhythm. In the educational work within kindergartens, educators can significantly influence children's musical development through various musical activities such as singing, listening to music, musical games, and encouraging children's musical creativity. The educator's role is to provide stimulating musical activities in order to create an appropriate musical environment and encourage children to be musically active, which is a prerequisite for their musical development.