Many scientists who contributed to the develpment of genetics have been mentioned throughout history, but the most famous among them was Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel discovered the laws of heredity which became the basis of research that was used by other scientists and for the development of genetics. Thanks to the scientists who were engaged in various researches in the field of genetics, heredity can be defined as the transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring and that is why the hair color, eye color, height, weight, blood type and many diseases are hereditary. It can also be concluded that the individual works as a single unit that is different from other people, while on the other hand a group of genes determines heredity. This research deals with the hereditary characteristics that children inherit from their parents and the importance of knowledge of heredity. Knowledge of heredity in younger school-age children is important because heredity has much to say about children and their health. Research has shown that children inherit many traits from parents, but the most notable are body weight, hereditary diseases and blood type. Survey results also indicate that there are a large number of children who have a problem with weight, even 69% of them. It is also worrying that many parents do not know their children' that is, out of 51 pairs of parents 20 pairs do not know their children' blood and that can sometimes lead children at risk. A very small number of parents tested their children to a disease whether it was hereditary or not. Number of tested children is 3, while 48 children have never been tested. Good cooperation between teachers, parents and physicians is important because some hereditary irregularities related to the health of the child can be noticed in the school and the teachers have to contact a doctor and parents so they can help them because sometimes these irregularities can be cured or alleviated if noticed on time. Teachers and parents need to be informed better regarding the health of children because if their teachers and parents do not help them rarely anyone else will. Children are our future, so we should be informed about everything involving children so that we would be able to provide the best possible assistance.