This paper describes conduct disorder in children and present a short brief historical overview of the etiology of conduct disorders through four theoretical categories: biological, psychological, sociological and multisystem theory. The emphasis is on a multisystem ecological approach by which Urie Bronfenbrenner systematically combined the influences of different layers of the environment, but also biological factors in the development of conduct disorders. The multisystem-ecological approach explains conduct disorders through interaction that is realized trough communication or exchange of information between microsystems, mesosystems, exosystems and macrosystems, but also within individual systems that affect the occurrence of conduct disorders. This approach has stimulated a number of studies of personal variables and environmental influences on the child that contribute to the development of behavioral disorders research related to the possibility of prevention, and the most relevant are presented in the paper. Personal variables such as temperament, social skills, gender, and others can act as risk and protective factors in the development of behavioral disorders. Family-related variables include various interactions and influences within the family that may act as a risk or protective factor for the development of behavioral disorders. Preschool and school environment can be burdened with risk factors, but also, preschool and school environment can act on children as a protective factor if they have a quality organization and a professional team that will identify risk factors in time, prevent their harmful effects, among other things, and through successful cooperation and assistance to parents. The variables of the wider social environment that are related to the work of the local community and other institutions that provide preconditions for strengthening quality parenting and for the implementation of preventive measures aimed at strengthening economic, health and housing conditions that are protective factors should not be neglected. Since all layers of the environment are interconnected, in order to be effective, preventive interventions should include all layers of the environment and act in a coordinated manner.